Why Do European and Asian Countries Prioritize Modern Architecture Over Traditional Styles?

While traditional architectural styles are undeniably beautiful and unique, modern architecture has become the default choice for many European and Asian countries. This preference for modernism over traditional styles can be attributed to various factors, including branding, innovation, urbanization, and sustainability. In this article, we explore the reasons behind this choice.

Modernism as Branding

Modern architecture serves as a form of branding for cities and countries, projecting an image of modernity and progress. This can have several benefits. For one, it provides citizens with a sense of advancement and positive change. Internationally, it may also convince others that the city or country is well-integrated into global commerce and culture.

Modernist architecture has been around for a while, but it still carries the connotation of the 'new' rather than the 'old.' By contrast, opting for 'traditional' styles might send a message of nostalgia for earlier political or social structures, or even nationalistic pride in former glories. However, recreating these styles comes with additional expenses, which can lead to a perception of the style as twee or kitsch. Furthermore, trans-national corporations are less likely to fund such projects, viewing them as impractical or culturally specific.

Urbanization and Vertical Growth

Urbanization has driven the need for vertical growth, which is more effective for space and time management. Taller buildings are often the result of this trend. Traditional architectural styles, with their ornamental and often complex designs, are not always suitable or eligible for this vertical development. The construction of such buildings can take years and significant resources, which can be a drawback given the urgent need for housing and office space in urban areas.

Tackling Cost and Efficiency

Post-war and socialist countries, among others, have adopted cost-effective and efficient building methods to rebuild. Traditional brick structures and their classical ornamentations often require extensive design, build, and engraving processes, which can be both time-consuming and expensive. These traditional styles are not only costly but also impractical for the fast-paced and modern development requirements.

Despite this, the traditional architecture of 500 years ago holds historical significance but has little relevance in today's context. Art and design evolve with technology, and pushing back to a classical style can be seen as a form of reactionism, which hinders progression. While some may criticize modern architecture for being bland, the issue often lies with the inferior designs that exploit the simplicity of modernism without offering actual design quality. These buildings are often solely built for profit, with neither capitalists nor governments prioritizing design or aesthetics over power.

Sustainability in Modern Architecture

Wood is increasingly being used to create more sustainable buildings. The graphic below shows a timber-hybrid office block planned for Amsterdam, demonstrating the shift towards eco-friendly designs. The image below that illustrates the Haut, the Netherlands' tallest timber-hybrid residential building, represents this trend.

Enforcing Classicism in the Modern World

Efforts to enforce classicism in the modern world often result in abominations. Traditional styles do not suit contemporary lifestyles and mentalities, nor do they align with the materials and technology available today. This mismatch leads to designs that are out of place and often considered ugly or ineffective.

Brutalist Architecture as an Example

Brutalist architecture serves as an excellent example of modern architecture that has stood the test of time. The previous answer discussing the significance, beauty, and results of Brutalist architecture can be found here. Understanding the principles of modern architecture can provide valuable insights into its evolution and applicability in today's urban landscapes.

A timber-hybrid office block planned for Amsterdam.

The Haut, the Netherlands' tallest timber-hybrid residential building.

Conclusion

While traditional styles continue to be celebrated and admired, modern architecture offers solutions that are better suited to contemporary needs. By prioritizing sustainability, efficiency, and innovation, modern architecture provides a framework for the future, ensuring that buildings remain functional, relevant, and integrated into the evolving urban landscape.

Related Keywords

Modern architecture Traditional styles Urbanization Sustainability Architectural branding

For more insights into modern architecture, refer to the article on Brutalist architecture and its significance.