Underwater Eye Safety: When is it Safe to Open Your Eyes?

Water activities can be exhilarating, but the sensation of opening your eyes underwater can vary widely based on the type of water you're in. This article will explore what makes certain water types safe or unsafe for opening your eyes, and provide practical advice to help you maintain eye safety while swimming or snorkeling.

Understanding Eye Safety in Various Water Types

Opening your eyes underwater can lead to discomfort, irritation, and even injury, primarily due to the presence of contaminants. The safety of opening your eyes depends largely on the specific characteristics of the water you're in.

Safe Water Types

In terms of what kind of water is safe to open your eyes in, fresh, clean water treated with chlorine, and clear, unpolluted ocean water are generally safe. Chlorinated pools, with their controlled levels of chemicals, are designed to create a clean and safe environment for swimming, although it's recommended to use goggles to further minimize risk. In open oceans and seas, the natural salinity of the water (about 35 parts per thousand) is close to the salinity of the human body, making it a more suitable environment for your eyes. However, it's always wise to use goggles to protect your eyes from salt spray or direct contact with water.

Unsafe Water Types

On the other hand, waters that are highly contaminated with sand, gravel, mud, or pollutants can be hazardous. For example, surf areas with swirling sand and gravel can provoke severe irritation and stinging in the eyes. Similarly, oil spills or other pollutants from damaged ships can also cause harm. It's best to avoid opening your eyes in such water or to use goggles to protect your eyes.

Common Myths and Facts

Many people mistakenly believe that opening your eyes in water will cause you to drown. This is a common myth. Typically, water will not enter your eyes and cause drowning; however, it can cause significant discomfort, irritation, and even infections from bacteria and other pathogens present in the water.

How Water Can Harm Your Eyes

Water-borne bacteria and other pathogens can spread rapidly when exposed to moisture. Even chlorinated pool water, although less likely to cause harm than other types, can still lead to eye infections if the water is not properly maintained. The natural salt in ocean water should not irritate the eyes, as your eyes are naturally adapted to its salinity. However, discomfort in salt water can be due to other factors, such as sunscreen or other products being washed into your eyes.

Practical Advice for Eye Safety

While some people prefer to keep their eyes closed underwater, it's important to understand when it's safe to open them. If you are in clean, unpolluted water, it's perfectly safe to open your eyes. However, it's crucial to assess the water quality and avoid opening your eyes in murky, contaminated, or heavily polluted waters.

Personal Experience and Professional Recommendations

Over my 60 years of swimming, I have never swum without opening my eyes underwater, but I have always taken precautions to ensure the water was clean and safe. Whether swimming in pools, beaches, or other bodies of water, it's essential to prioritize eye safety. Daily disposable contact lenses offer a convenient option for those who need to see underwater, but it's important to change them after exposure to different water environments.

Final Thoughts

While sea water is generally more comfortable for your eyes due to its salinity matching that of the human body, it's important to remember that salt water can still cause discomfort if other irritants are present. Always use appropriate protective gear, like swimming goggles, when in doubt to ensure the health and safety of your eyes.