The Water Source of Niagara Falls: Understanding the Great Lakes Connection
The Water Source of Niagara Falls: Understanding the Great Lakes Connection
Niagara Falls is one of the world's most spectacular natural wonders, drawing millions of visitors each year. But behind the scenes, there's an intricate system of water that makes these falls possible. Let's explore how the Great Lakes provide the water that flows over the edge of Niagara Falls.
Understanding the Great Lakes Basin
The entire Great Lakes basin—excluding the small portion of Lake Michigan that flows through a canal to the Mississippi River and whatever directly drains into Lake Ontario—flows over Niagara Falls into the lower Niagara River, ultimately reaching Lake Ontario. This basin is vast, covering a massive area and contributing significantly to the water supply of the falls.
The Niagara River: Paving the Way for Niagara Falls
The Niagara River, though often referred to as a river, is actually more of a gorge between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. This unique formation is a crucial part of the water cycle that feeds the falls. The river originates at the northeast end of Lake Erie and flows north, making its way to Lake Ontario, where it meets the falls.
Niagara Falls: The Endpoint of This Aquatic Journey
Niagara Falls itself is the culmination of this journey. The water that pours over the falls comes directly from Lake Erie. The Niagara River transfers this water from Lake Erie to Lake Ontario, where the falls are located.
The Hydrological Cycle of the Great Lakes
The Great Lakes region experiences a significant amount of precipitation. About half of the precipitation that falls in the province of Ontario drains into the Great Lakes above the falls. This water then becomes a part of the falls, contributing to the majestic display of water over the edge. The flow rate at Niagara Falls is impressive, with an average of 212,000 cubic feet per second (6000 cubic meters per second), which is a testament to the vast and interconnected nature of the water system.
Historical and Educational Insights
Educational resources such as the classic children's book "Paddle to the Sea" offer a unique perspective on the journey of water through the Great Lakes. These stories help to illustrate the hydrological cycle and the interconnectedness of the water systems in the region. Reading books like this can provide a fun and engaging way to understand the complex water systems that support natural phenomena like Niagara Falls.
Conclusion
The water that flows over Niagara Falls originates from the Great Lakes, specifically from Lake Erie through the Niagara River. This interconnected system underscores the importance of the Great Lakes not just as a source of water but as a vital component of the ecosystem that supports one of nature's most awe-inspiring displays. Understanding and respecting this system is crucial for our continued enjoyment of these natural wonders.